New Materials, Processes, and Methods Technology
DescriptionMaterials selection is a crucial factor in determining the cost, quality, and corrosion protection for every engineering project. The variety of increasingly durable materials and their combinations, coupled with the rise of new and more critical service requirements and the demand for lower costs, have expanded upon trial-and-error criteria into methodical, multi-dimensional approaches to materials selection. An invaluable resource that analyzes materials from a microscopic perspective as well as a macroscopic standpoint, New Materials, Processes, and Methods Technology is a practical guide to matching and applying the material or materials with the right combination of properties in order to meet your design and service conditions. The book presents an update of existing materials and processes as well as newly developed materials that have been invented or changed by innovative techniques within the past decade. It details recent research, various analytical methods, key material and design considerations, fabrication methods, and developmental processes. Each section covers a material or material-family and the techniques required for practical applications. Anticipating future trends and prospects, the book also examines the foundations to several innovative technologies, including the potential of tailor-made materials, various types of fuel cells, and the properties of FGMs in current and future metallic and non-metallic systems and models. In its final chapter, the book highlights processes that are poised for production as well as prospects still in experimentation and testing phases. New Materials, Processes, and Methods Technology provides today's scientists, technicians, and engineering departments devoted to resolving application requirements with performance properties using a well-executed material selection process. Table of ContentsIntroductionReferences Nanotechnology Nanoscience/Nanotechnology Nanofabrication/Nanoassembly Atomic Bit Processing Nanomaterials Synthesis: Metals/Intermetallics Sol-Gel Methods Compaction Silicon-Based Nanostructures Hybrid Semiconductors - Molecular Nanoelectronics Hybrid Circuits Nanophase Materials Producing Nanophase Particles Grain Boundaries/Size Nanostructured Oxides Nanostructured Nitrides and Carbonitrides Nanocomposites Background Some Typical Material Types and Processing Methods Modeling Polymer Nanocomposites Properties of PNCs Some Applications of Nanotechnology Films/Coatings Nanoelectronics New Bone Materials Shoes Biosensors/Computational Optoelectronics Molecular Electronics Inorganic Nanowires Lubricants Polyesters Cellulose Materials Automotive Protection of Food Supply Optics Building Blocks (Carbon Tubules) Motors Switches Rules and Measuring Devices Piezoceramics Clothing Clusters Cosmetics Nanowire Arrays Nanobatteries Future and Potential Challenges Self-Assembly Next Decade Carbon-Carbon Composites Introduction Graphite and Carbon-Carbon Composites Carbon Fiber and Matrix Materials Carbon Fibers Matrix Materials Thermosetting Resins Tar Pitch Resins Carbon Fiber Structure Rayon-Based Carbon Fibers Pan-Based Carbon Fibers Pitch-Derived Carbon Fibers Fiber Structure and Architecture Weaving Multidirectional Preforms Braiding Matrix Precursors C/C Significant Properties Mechanical Properties High-Temperature Mechanical Properties Fatigue Properties Fracture Toughness Thermal Properties Processing Effects on Mechanical Properties Oxidation Protection Low-Temperature Protection (up to 1000ºC) Protection up to 1800ºC Protection Beyond 1800ºC NDE of Coatings Fabrication Processes/Techniques Mechanical Fastening Brazing High-Energy Electron Beam (HEEB) Applications Brakes and Clutches Pistons Rocket Motors Heat Shields (Thermal Protection Systems) Aero-Engine Components Biomedical Devices Industrial and Miscellaneous Applications Reflective Panels Ion-Accelerator Grids Glass Making High-Temperature Mechanical Fasteners Molds for Forming Superplastic Metals Hot Press Dies Hot Gas Ducts Furnace Heating Elements and Charging Stages Summary Shape Memory Alloys/Effect Introduction One-Way Shape Memory Effect Two-Way Shape Memory Effect How It Works SMA Systems Fe-based Alloys Cu-based Alloys Ni-Ti Alloys Ternary Ni-Ti Alloy Systems Composite Materials Other Types of SMAs Hybrid Composites Material Forms Design Constraints and Considerations General Guidelines Material Processing Techniques Cu-Al-Ni-based SMA Fabrication Techniques Joining Fusion Welding of SMAs Solid-State Welding of SMAs Alternative Processes for Joining Superplastic Forming Forming Machining Design for Assembly Laser Machining SMA Applications Aeronautics/Aerospace Consumer Products Commercial/Industrial Safety Medical Automotive Industrial/Civil Engineering Reinforcing or Decommissioning Structures Power Generation System Miscellaneous Electronics Future Trends and Prospects Final Remarks on Future Prospects SMPs Nanostructured Materials (NSM) Structure and Properties of NSM Nanocrystals and Nanocrystalline Materials Nanocrystals Nanocrystalline Materials Nanocrystalline Processing Sintering CVS Nanocomposites Ceramics Sintering Other Processes Powder-Making Nanomanufacturing Nanocomposite Applications and Directions Automotive Coatings Gas Phase Condensation (GPC) MEMS Medical Textile/Clothing Micro Springs Computers Miscellaneous Nanoparticles Nanopowders Approaches to Powder Fabrication Densification and Treatment Applications Nanowires Nanobelts Nanofilms Nanocircuits Nanowhiskers Nanocapsules Nanospheres Nanofibers Nanoceramics/Shells Nanoantennas Nanoelectronics Hybrid Circuits Neuromorphic Networks Self-Evolution Powder Metallurgy (P/M) Introduction Definition Materials Titanium Alloys Intermetallics Composites Copper-Iron-Cobalt Alloys Rhenium Cermets Cemented Carbides Tungsten-Based Heavy Alloys Processes for Powder Production Status of MA Solid Solubility Processing Plasma Processing (PP) Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) Novel Plasma Process Plasma Melting Plasma Discharge Spheroidization (PDS) Spray Compaction Other Innovative Advanced P/M Processes Warm Compaction Cold Forming Dynamic Magnetic Compaction Laser Manufacturing/Processing Processes for Part Fabrication Specialty Production Processes: Powder-Injection Molding What Is PIM Design and Material Considerations Materials and Trends Another Specialty Production Process: Metal Injection Molding (MIM) Typical Applications Nanotubes Introduction Definition and Structure Growth and Fabrication Properties Mechanical Properties Composite-Reinforced Properties Electrical Properties Thermal Properties Other Properties Dialing-Up Properties Other Nanotube Materials Welding Nanotubes Applications DNA Military and Space Composites Medical Commercial Products and Fiber Optics Electronics Future Potential Functionally Gradient Materials Introduction Definition and Design of FGMs Definition Design Material Combinations Fabrication/Processing Methods Joining FGMs Properties Applications Dental Implant Building Materials Ballistic Protection Temperature Sensors Microelectromechanical Systems Introduction What Are MEMS MEMS Design Types of MEMS Fabrication UV Lasers Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition Wafer-Level Membrane Transfer Process Micromachines Manufacturing MEMS Applications Future Potential Packaging Advancements Future Work Fuel Cells Introduction What is a Fuel Cell Major Types and Operations Proton Exchange Membrane Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (PAFC) Other Fuel Cells Applications in Transportation Automotive Motorcycles, Scooters, and Water Taxis Locomotives, Submarines, Ferries, and Yachts Trucks and Buses Auxiliary Power Units Applications in Commercial Sector Cell Phones/Computers DC Rotary Motors Office Buildings/Residential Homes/Hotels Communications Equipment Forklifts Power Plant Medical Implants Power Supply Equipment Life-Cycle Cost Savings Musical Band Sailboats/Powerboats Future Liquid Crystal Polymers/Interpenetrating Network for Polymers/Interpenetrating Phase Ceramics Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCP) Introduction Types (Classes) and Properties Properties Especially Affecting Design Properties and How They Affect Molding Other Properties Processing Applications Interpenetrating Network (IPN) Introduction Types Processes Applications Interpenetrating Phase Ceramics (IPCs) Processes and Fabrication Introduction Composite Processes Dry Process for PI/C and B: Fiber Tape Metal Matrix Composites (MMC) RTM/CoRTM/VARTM/RARTM Infusion Processes: Resin Film Infusion (RFI)/DIAB Method Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMC) Metal Matrix Composites Advanced Fibers/Whiskers/Particulates Siboramic Fibers TiB Whiskers Biocomposites Crystaloy™ or CxA Laser Processes Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) Peening Welding Surface Treatment Glazing and Cladding Coatings Trends Processes for Applying Coatings Thermal Spray Processes Metal Spray Processes Friction Stir Processes (FSP) Friction Stir Processing for Superplasticity Friction Stir Welding (FSW) Magnetic Pulse Welding (MPW) Ceramic Welding Ceramic Joining Adhesives Wire Bonding Nitrocarburizing Process Vacuum Carburizing Electrospinning Process Applications Spinning Spider Silk Press Forming Thermoplastics Ion Implantation Gelcasting Applications Robocasting Rapid Prototyping Plasma-Assisted Boriding Net-Shape P/M Rheocasting Processes SemiSolid Casting Investment Casting Single Crystals Single Crystal Ceramics Microwave Processing Drilling Casting and Sintering Flowforming X-Ray Inspection Microfocus X-Ray Inspection Systems Nanofocus X-Ray Inspection Future of X-Ray Inspection Index Contributors |
Document ActionsFeaturesReviews"Schwartz offers an advanced yet practical and modern book for upper-level undergraduates in materials science or engineering, or for graduate students." -J. Lambropoulos, University of Rochester |
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CRC Press — 2010 NanoScience and CleanTech catalog
